Thursday, 1 December 2016

Mahavira

Mahavira

( OSHO on Mahavir : Mahavir searched, enquired. He encountered reality. He threw all dogmas. He threw all civilization. Even clothes he threw away, because they, too, are a part of the civilization and the culture; and they, too, carry the society with you. He remained naked. For twelve years he completely stopped talking, because if you go on talking, you use the language of the society, and that language carries the germs of the society).

Mahavira (599 BCE–527 BCE), also known as Vardhamana, was the twenty-fourth and the last tirthankara of Jainism religion. He was born into a royal family in what is now Bihar state of India. At the age of 30 he left his home in pursuit of spiritual awakening. For the next 12 years he practiced intense meditation and severe penance, after which he achieved Kyvallya or enlightenment.

He travelled all over India for next 30 years to teach his philosophy which is based  on AhimsaSatyaAsteyaBrahmacharya and Aparigraha. Mahavira attained Nirvana after his physical death at the age of 72. He was one of the most popular propagators of Jainism, and he is regarded as a reformer of Jainism rather than its founder.

At the age of 30 Mahavira abandoned all the comforts of royal life and left his home and family to live ascetic life for spiritual awakening. He underwent severe penances, even without clothes.

After twelve years of rigorous penance he achieved Kaivallya

For the next 30 years Mahavira travelled far and wide in India to teach his philosophy. Mahavira's philosophy has eight cardinal principles – three metaphysical and five ethical. The objective is to elevate the quality of life.

Ahimsa or non-violence is the first of five ethical principles. Mahavira taught that every living being has sanctity and dignity of its own and it should be respected just like we expect to respect our own sanctity and dignity. In simple words, we should show maximum possible kindness to every living being.

The second principle is Satya or truthfullness which leads to good neighborliness in society. One should speak truth and respect right of property of each others in society. One should be true to his own thoughts, words and deeds to create mutual atmosphere of confidence in society.

Third principle is Asteya or non-stealing which state that one should not take anything not properly given. Fourth principle is Bramhacharya or chastity which stress steady but determined restraint over yearning for sensual or sexual pleasures. Fifth and final principle is Aparigraha or non-possession, non-attachment which requires complete detachment from people, places and material property.

Mahavira taught that pursuit of pleasure is an endless game, so we should train our minds to curb individual cravings and passions. That way one does achieve equanimity of mind, mental poise and spiritual balance. One should voluntarily limit acquisition of property as a community virtue which results in social justice and fair distribution of utility commodities. The strong and the rich should not try to suppress the weak and the poor by acquiring limitless property which results in unfair distribution of wealth in society and hence poverty..

At the age of 72 (527 B.C.), Lord Mahavir attained nirvana and his pure soul left his body and achieved complete liberation. He became a Siddha, a, a liberated soul, having achieved absolute consciousness, and living forever in a state of complete bliss.

It is important to however note that Jainism existed even before Mahavir, and his teachings were based on those of his predecessors. Thus, unlike Buddha, Mahavir was more of a reformer and propagator of an existing religious order than the founder of a new faith. He followed the well-established creed of his predecessor, Tirthankar Parshvanath. However, Mahavir did re-organize the philosophical tenets of Jainism to correspond to his times.


Religion is not so easy to understand and one feels dry if is not interspersed with anecdotes, stories, limericks, jokes, humor etc  This will bring aliveness into the matter and so is this effort …

[Go through this beautiful story about Lord Mahavir and his meeting with King Prasenjit. This says Meditation cannot be given but has to be acquired.

Lord Mahavir and Prasenjit


This story depicts a famous incident from the life of Lord Mahavir. At that time, Lord Mahavir attained spiritual perfection and his fame had spread far and wide. Men and women of various social standing came to this wise man to become his disciple or to merely have a glimpse of him and bless themselves with his sight.

One day, a famous king named Prasenjit came to meet Lord Mahavir. As the monarch approached Mahavir with his many attendants, he was surprised at the extraordinarily tranquil expression of the blessed man and marvelled at the bright glow that seemed to emanate from his body. He sat on the ground before the lord.

After paying his obeisance to Lord Mahavir, King Prasenjit told about the reason of his visit. He told the great man,
"Sir, I have everything that one wishes to acquire in this world. Riches, love and respect of my
subjects, a loving family, great renown, a kingdom spreading far and wide, physical strength and beauty - I have it all and I am deeply contented. I have nothing more to achieve and no greater ambition. And yet I felt myself incomplete when I heard about you. I hear that you have attained perfection in 'samadhi' (meditation). Can I acquire it too? I am prepared to buy it at any cost. It will be another addition to my treasury."

Hearing the words of Prasenjit, Mahavir smiled a little. He looked assuringly at the monarch and said, "If you want to achieve 'samadhi', look no further than the precincts of your own capital where there resides a very poor man. He has attained 'samadhi' and being so poor, he may like to sell it to you. He may help you more than myself."

Prasenjit bowed to Mahavir and imediately returned to his capital, looking for the man he was told about. It did not take him long to locate the dilapidated hut of the man. Once there, the king called for the man. As he came out, Prasenjit ordered his attendants to unload
the gold coins, diamonds, emeralds and other expensive gifts from the many bullock carts he was accompanied with and stacked them before the house of the poor man.

"Take all these." the king said to the poor man, "Ask if you need more, and I will shower with more riches. But please give me that thing called 'samadhi'."

The poor man hesitated for a moment and said, "That is not possible sir."
Amazed, the king asked him "Why so?".

The poor man replied, "Sir, meditation is a state of mind that is earned through constant spiritual practice. All the riches of the world cannot buy it. Tell me, can you buy love? Can you purchase affection? I love you, respect you; I am ready to give my life for you. But how can you give you my own feelings?"

The king understood that the bargain was not possible. Meditation or 'samadhi' is not something tangible. It is a mental state that is higher than all human feelings and worldly riches.

King Prasenjit went back to Lord Mahavir and became the latter's disciple from that day]


Mahavira’s Quotes


The greatest mistake of a soul is non-recognition of its real self and can only be corrected by recognizing the self
Every soul is independent, none depends on another.  

It is better to win over the self than to win over a million enemies.

There is no separate existence of God. Everybody can attain god-hood by making supreme efforts in the right direction. 

Every soul is in itself absolutely omniscient and blissful. The bliss does not come from outside. 
The soul comes alone and goes alone, no one companies it and no one becomes its mate.

Only that science is a great and the best of all sciences, the study of which frees man from all kinds of miseries.
That which subdues passions, leads to beatitude and fosters friendliness is called knowledge in the Jaina doctrine.
Righteousness consists in complete self-absorption and in giving up all kinds of passions including attachment. It is the only means of transcending the mundane existence. The Jinas have said so.Don't kill any living beings. Don't try to rule them.

The essence of all knowledge consists in not committing violence. The doctrine of ahimsa is nothing but the observance of equality i.e. the realization that just as I do not like misery, others also do not like it. Knowing this, one should not kill anybody. 

Just as you do not like misery, in the same way others also do not like it. Knowing this, you should do unto them what you want them to do unto you.

To kill any living being amounts to killing one self. Compassion to others is compassion to one's own self. Therefore one should avoid violence like poison and thorn (that cause pain).

Don't be proud if you gain. Nor be sorry if you lose.
One who cultivates an attitude of equality towards all living beings, mobile and stationary, can attain equanimity.

 Let me treat all living beings with equanimity and none with enmity. Let me attain samadhi (tranquillity) by becoming free from expectations.

Let me renounce the bondage of attachment and hatred, pride and meekness, curiosity, fear, sorrow, indulgence and abhorrence (in order to accomplish equanimity).

Let me give up attachment through unattachment. My soul will be my only support (in this practice of unattachment). (Hence) let me give up everything else.

One who remains equanimously in the midst of pleasures and pains is a sramana , being in the state of pure consciousness.


[ There are not many stories about Mahavir like Buddha and  others as such listen to a very beautiful story by OSHO. You will enjoy much. A break is very often needed bring back the attention of the reader, ….

Sugar And Salt Makes The Taste -  by Osho

I have heard an ancient parable — must be very ancient because God used to live on the earth in those days. Slowly slowly, he became very tired of man, because people would torture him continuously. In the middle of the night, somebody would knock and say, “Why have you done this? Why not do it this way?” Everybody was advising; everybody was praying and their prayers were contradictory. A man would come and would say, “Today let there be sun, because I am going to wash my clothes.” And somebody else would come and he would say, “Today let there be rain, because I am going to plant trees.” Now what to do? They were driving God mad!

He had to disappear from the earth. He had to escape just to survive. He had to become invisible.
One day a man came, a farmer, an old farmer, and he said, “Look, you may be God, and you may have created the world, but one thing I must say to you: you are not a farmer, and you don’t know even the ABC of farming. And your whole nature and the functioning of your nature is so absurd, and this I say out of my whole life’s experience. You have to learn something.”

God said, “What’s your advice?”

The farmer said, “You give me one year’s time, and just let things be according to me, and see what happens. There will be no poverty left!”

God was willing and one year was given to the farmer. Now it was according to his will that everything was happening. Naturally, he asked the best, he thought only of the best — no thunder, no strong winds, no dangers for the crop. Everything comfortable, cozy, and he was very happy. The wheat was growing so high! No dangers were there, no hindrances were there; everything was moving according to HIS desire. When he wanted sun, there was sun; when he wanted rain, there was rain, and AS much as he wanted. In the old days, sometimes it rained too much, and the rivers would be flooded, and the crops would be destroyed; and sometimes it would not rain enough and the land would remain dry, and the crops would die… and sometimes something else, and sometimes something else. It was rare, very rare, that things were right. But this year everything was put right, mathematically right.
The wheat was growing so high that the farmer was very happy. He used to go to God and say, “Look! This time the crops will be such that for ten years if people don’t work there will be enough food.”

But when the crops were cut, there was no wheat inside. He was surprised — what happened?! He asked God, “What happened? what went wrong?”

God said, “Because there was no challenge, because there was no difficulty, because there was no conflict, no friction, because all was good, you avoided all that was bad, the wheat remained impotent. A little struggle is a must. Storms are needed, thunder , lightning is needed. They shake up the soul inside the wheat.”
This parable is of immense value. If you are just happy and happy and happy, happiness will lose all meaning. You will become tired of it. You will be fed up with it. You remain interested in happiness because there are sad moments too. Those sad moments keep you interested in happiness. You cannot go on eating only sugar and sugar and sugar — something salted is a must, otherwise all taste will be lost]

Vardhamana Mahavira



Parsvanath :

According to traditional accounts the doctrines embodied in Jainism were preached by twenty-fourth Tirthankaras (preparers of the path) or Saints each of whom preached during his own age. With the exception of the last two, Parsvanath and Mahavira the remaining twenty-two are all mythical figures.
Parsvanath taught the fourfold virtue of Satya (truthfulness), Ahimsa (non-injury), Aparigraha (non-possession) and Asteya (non-receipt of anything except when it is freely given). Mahavira added one more to these four vows - Brahmacharya (celibacy). Hence unlike Buddha, Mahavira was more a reformer than the founder of a new faith.

More of Mahavira Quotes


One can bear all kinds of unbearable pain caused by spikes in expectation of wealth etc. But he alone who tolerates without any motive of worldly gain, harsh words spoken to him is venerable.
As gold does not cease to be gold even if it is heated in the fire; an enlightened man does not cease to be enlightened on being tortured by the effect of karma.
An amorous person, failing to achieve his desired objects, becomes frantic and even ready to commit suicide by any means.
Keep yourself always awake. One who keeps awake increases his wisdom. He who falls asleep is wretched. Blessed is he who keeps awake.
The courageous as well as the cowardly must die. When death is inevitable for both, why should not one welcome death smilingly and with fortitude?
There is nothing as fearful as death, and there is no suffering as great as birth. Be free from the fear of both birth and death, by doing away with attachment to the body.
Do not be in dread of the dreadful, the illness, the disease, the old age, and even the death or any other object of fear.
The enlightened should contemplate that his soul is endowed with boundless energy.
One who knows the spiritual (self) knows the external (world) too. He who knows the external world, knows the self also. 
 Living beings have desires. Desires consist in pleasure and pain.
Birth is attended by death, youth by decay and fortune by misfortune. Thus everything in this world is momentary.

[ A small story..


Goddess of Wealth and Goddess of Poverty
Once a beautiful and well-dressed woman visited a house. The master of the house asked her who she was; and she replied that she was the goddess of wealth. The master of the house was delighted and so greeted her with open arms.
Soon after another woman appeared who was ugly looking and poorly dressed. The master asked who she was and the woman replied that she was the goddess of poverty. The master was frightened and tried to drive her out of the house, but the woman refused to depart, saying, 'The goddess of wealth is my sister. There is an agreement between us that we are never to live apart; if you chase me out, she is to go with me.'  Sure enough, as soon as the ugly woman went out, the other woman disappeared.
Birth goes with death. Fortune goes with misfortune. Bad things follow good things. Everyone should realize this. Foolish people dread misfortune and strive after good fortune, but those who seek Enlightenment must transcend both of them and be free of worldly attachment.]

In Search of True Knowledge


When Vardhman Mahaveer was 28, his parents died. Now he was free to leave the palace, but his brother Nandivardhan asked him not to leave suddenly and requested to stay with him for some more time. To respect elder brother Nandivardhan, Vardhman Mahaveer decided to stay with Nandivardhan until the age of 30. In those two years, Vardhman Mahaveer practiced self-discipline and practiced almost an ascetic's life.
At the age of 30, he donated all his personal possessions to needy and poor people and left his home. He wandered on his bare feet in jungles and strange places. He meditated there, and almost all the time he spent there he never spoke to anybody. He rarely took food and fasting was a common thing for him. Some tribal people harassed him for a long time, but he never reacted.
After 12 years of his search for the truth, Vardhman Mahaveer became a naked monk. He took his first meal after becoming a monk from a Slave woman Chandana who was bought by a merchant from the slave market and persecuted by his wife. Vardhman Mahaveer traveled to the various parts of northern India, without using any vehicle. These parts included today's Bihar, Jharkhand, western Bengal, Orissa, and eastern Uttar Pradesh of India. He taught and preached the way of life that one should adopt. He announced a silent war against animal sacrifices. All kinds of people, including kings and queens, rich and poor, men and women were attracted towards his teachings. Many scholarly Bramhins like Indrabhuti Goutam, Agnibhuti, Vayubhuti and others joined Vardhman Mahaveer's mission with their thousands of pupils. Indrabhuti Goutam and others compiled all the teachings of Vardhman Mahaveer. Shrenik Bimbisar, who was a famous and mighty king of Rajgrahi also became a disciple of Vardhman Mahaveer. Shrenik asked thousands of questions about soul, rebirths, meditation, Shraman tradition and history etc. to Vardhman Mahaveer and got answers from him. These questions and answers were written down by Indrabhuti Goutam which are preserved till today in Jain literature.

Teachings


Vardhman Mahaveer's teachings belonged to the ancient and pre Aryan Shraman tradition. He did not believe in the creation theory and the mighty God. According to him no one has created the universe and it is there from infinitive past and will remain there forever. Only changes will take place. It was almost a scientific approach of Vardhman Mahaveer. According to his philosophy anybody can become a God by destroying his Karmas. He told: instead of finding out an imaginary God, try to become a God, the highest stage of mankind.
One of his famous doctrine is Anekantvad i.e. pluralism. According to it, every truth has many angles or viewpoints. Every observer observes some truth and he is not totally wrong. But the whole truth could be told only after considering all the viewpoints.
He never believed in classes and castes. According to him, a person becomes great by his own deeds and it has nothing to do with in which community, class, or caste he is born. One of his famous quotes is: Eko Manuss Jaai which means that all mankind is one. Even a outcasted could join as a monk in Vardhman Mahaveer's Sangh. Chandana, the slave woman also became a nun and eventually she became the head of all nuns in Vardhman Mahaveer's sangh.
Enough of Mahaveer now …..
Only man can laugh, no animal …. Think off…
"Doctor," a woman said as she rushed into Mulla Nasrudin's house, "I want you to tell me frankly, exactly what is wrong with me." Nasrudin looked her over from head to foot, then said, "Madam, I have three things to tell you. First, you are about fifty pounds overweight, Second, your looks would be improved if you took off several layers of rouge and lipstick. And third, I am not the doctor. The doctor's office is across the street."

Mulla Nasrudin thought he was going to die with a toothache. He asked his friend, "What can I do to relieve the pain?" "I will tell you what I do," his friend said. "When I have a toothache, or a pain, I go over to my wife, and she puts her arms around me, and caresses me, and soothes me until finally I forget all about the pain." Nasrudin brightened up and said: "Gee, that's wonderful! is she home now?"

The bus was crowded when the little old lady got on, and Mulla Nasrudin stood up. She pushed the Mulla back gently and said, "No, thanks." Nasrudin tried to rise again and she pushed him back a second time. Finally, Nasrudin said to her, "Please let me get up, lady, I am two blocks past my stop now."

Mulla Nasrudin had been working day and night throughout his district in a life or death struggle for reelection. He was relaxing one evening, following a speech, in the home of a friend. "I have heard your speeches," his friend said, "but I think the real question is what will you do if you are reelected." "NO," said Nasrudin, "The real question is what will I do if I am not."




No comments:

Post a Comment